问题 如何在JavaScript中合并排序的数组

我相信标准和最理解的代码..

function mergeArray(arr1, arr2) {
 var new_array = [];
 var i = 0,
     j = 0,
     index = 0;

 while (new_array.length != (arr1.length + arr2.length) - 1) {
     if (arr1[i] < arr2[j]) {
         new_array.push(arr1[i]);
         i++;
     } else {
         new_array.push(arr2[j]);
         j++;
     }
 }
 return new_array;

}

功能调用：

var merged_array = mergeArray([1,6,9,95], [2,7,10,11,14,18]);

更快，仅合并1次传递，具有更大的灵活性（keepDuplicates，自定义比较器）：

/*  mergeSortedArrays(arrays[, keepDuplicates[, comparator[, thisArg]]])
    Merges multiple sorted arrays into a new sorted array.
    Arguments:
        - arrays: array of sorted arrays to be merged
        - keepDuplicates (optional): (true/false) whether to keep duplicate values
            Default: false
        - comparator (optional): function used to compare values
            Default: sort numbers in ascending order
            Example comparator: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/sort
        - thisArg (optional): comparator is bound to thisArg when invoked
    Returns: a new sorted array containing all the values from the arrays
*/
function mergeSortedArrays(arrays, keepDuplicates, comparator, thisArg) {
    // Coerce to boolean to speed up testings in some javascript engines:
    keepDuplicates = !!keepDuplicates;

    // By default, sort numbers in ascending order:
    if(!comparator) comparator = function(a, b) { return a - b; };

    var nb = arrays.length,     // Number of arrays to be merged
        iter = new Array(nb),   // Current position of iteration of each array
        next = [],              // Keep each array sorted by the value of their next element
        length = 0;             // The combined length of all arrays

    // Populate iter and next:
    for(var i = 0, arr; i < nb; i++) {
        arr = arrays[i];
        iter[i] = 0;
        if(arr.length > 0) {
            insertNextIndex(next, i, arr[0], comparator, thisArg);
        }
        length += arr.length;
    }

    // Insert index of array into next:
    function insertNextIndex(next, index, val, comparator, thisArg) {
        var i = next.length;
        while(i--) {    // Reverse loop...
            var j = next[i];
            if(comparator.call(thisArg, arrays[j][iter[j]], val) >= 0) {    // ...until we find a greater value
                break;
            }
        }
        next.splice(i + 1, 0, index);
    }


    var merged = keepDuplicates ? new Array(length) : [],
        k = 0,  // Iterate over merged
        min, val, lastVal;

    // First iteration to get a value for lastVal (for duplicate checks):
    if(!keepDuplicates && next.length > 0) {
        min = next.pop();
        arr = arrays[min];
        i = iter[min]++;
        val = arr[i];
        merged[k++] = val;
        lastVal = val;
        if(++i < arr.length) {  // If available, insert next value in next:
            insertNextIndex(next, min, arr[i], comparator, thisArg);
        }
    }

    // Merge multiple arrays:
    while(next.length > 1) {    // While there is still multiple arrays to be merged
        min = next.pop();
        arr = arrays[min];
        i = iter[min]++;
        val = arr[i];
        if(keepDuplicates || comparator.call(thisArg, lastVal, val) !== 0) {
            merged[k++] = val;
            lastVal = val;
        }
        if(++i < arr.length) {  // If available, insert next value in next:
            insertNextIndex(next, min, arr[i], comparator, thisArg);
        }
    }

    // When there remain only 1 array with unmerged values, use a faster loop:
    if(next.length > 0) {
        arr = arrays[next[0]];
        i = iter[next[0]];
        length = arr.length;

        while(i < length) { // To the end
            val = arr[i++];
            if(keepDuplicates || comparator.call(thisArg, lastVal, val) !== 0) {
                merged[k++] = val;
                lastVal = val;
            }
        }
    }

    return merged;
}

在1遍中合并消除了创建需要时间和内存的中间阵列。此外，通过保持每个数组中下一个元素的排序列表，可以很好地减少比较次数（参见 next 数组）。当数组大小已知时，它们会被预先分配以防止动态重新分配（尽管这取决于您的javascript引擎）。

对于你的情况，我会这样称呼它：

mergeSortedArrays(arrays, true, function(a, b) {
    return a.name < b.name ? -1 : 1;
});

注意：如果您有大量阵列，则可以使用a 二分搜索 而不是线性搜索 insertNextIndex()。或者从使用 二进制堆 对于 next。

编辑 反映这一点 Exception原来的解决方案，通过称之为扩展 mergeSorted(mergeSorted(a,b),c) 是 更快 比我的解决方案。

Javascript的内置排序不够快，你可以将所有数组连接在一起并一次性对整个事物进行排序。 Javascript是 不 有利于重新实施应该在较低级别完成的事情。

var a1 = [{name:"a"}, {name:"b"}, {name:"m"}, {name:"x"}]
var a2 = [{name:"a"}, {name:"e"}, {name:"i"}, {name:"o"}]
var a3 = [{name:"g"}, {name:"h"}, {name:"m"}, {name:"n"}]

a1.concat(a2,a3).sort(function(a,b){return (a.name>b.name)-(a.name<b.name)})
// [{name:"a"}, {name:"a"}, {name:"b"}, {name:"e"}, {name:"h"}, {name:"i"}, {name:"g"}, {name:"m"}, {name:"m"}, {name:"n"}, {name:"o"}, {name:"x"}]

原生实现并不总是最快（正如您可能已经注意到的那样），并且由于广泛的错误检查，历史上有点迟缓。话虽如此，由于与专门为优化某些任务而专门构建的硬件或例程的更强大集成，未来可能会有性能增强。如果您编写自己的代码，那么一旦实现，您的应用程序将无法利用这些性能提升。由您来决定优势所在以及风险是什么。

无论如何，我已经为你的优化编写了一个更漂亮的优化代码版本：

function mergeSorted(a,b){
    var alen = a.length
      , blen = b.length
      , i, j, k = j = i = 0
      , answer = new Array(alen + blen)
    ;//var

    while(i < alen && j < blen)
                    answer[k++] = a[i].name < b[j].name ? a[i++] : b[j++];
    while(i < alen) answer[k++] = a[i++];
    while(j < blen) answer[k++] = b[j++];

    return answer;
}