问题 如何在ActiveRecord中跳过INSERT ONLY语句中的事务？

怎么运行的：

持久性模块定义 create： https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb#L46

def create!(attributes = nil, &block)
  if attributes.is_a?(Array)
    attributes.collect { |attr| create!(attr, &block) }
  else
    object = new(attributes, &block)
    object.save!
    object
  end
end

它创建一个对象和调用 #save!

它没有记录在公共API中，而是调用 https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb#L290

def save!(*) #:nodoc:
  with_transaction_returning_status { super }
end

此时事务将save（super）包裹起来，再次位于Persistence模块： https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/activerecord/lib/active_record/persistence.rb#L141

def save!(*)
  create_or_update || raise(RecordNotSaved.new(nil, self))
end

让我们用一些新方法来解决这个问题：

module ActiveRecord
  module Persistence
    module ClassMethods

      def atomic_create!(attributes = nil, &block)
        if attributes.is_a?(Array)
          raise "An array of records can't be atomic"
        else
          object = new(attributes, &block)
          object.atomic_save!
          object
        end
      end

    end

    alias_method :atomic_save!, :save!
  end
end

module ActiveRecord
  module Transactions

    def atomic_save!(*)
      super
    end

  end
end

也许你想使用标准 create! 方法，然后你需要重新定义它。我定义了第一个可选参数 :atomic，当它存在意味着你想要使用 atomic_save! 方法。

module ActiveRecord
  module Persistence
    module ClassMethods

      def create_with_atomic!(first = nil, second = nil, &block)
        attributes, atomic = second == nil ? [first, second] : [second, first]
        if attributes.is_a?(Array)
          create_without_atomic!(attributes, &block)
        else
          object = new(attributes, &block)
          atomic == :atomic ? object.atomic_save! : object.save!
          object
        end
      end
      alias_method_chain :create!, :atomic

    end
  end
end

有了这个 config/initializers/<any_name>.rb 它可以工作。

它如何在控制台上运行：

~/rails/r41example (development) > Product.atomic_create!(name: 'atomic_create')
  SQL (99.4ms)  INSERT INTO "products" ("created_at", "name", "updated_at") VALUES (?, ?, ?)  [["created_at", "2015-03-22 03:50:07.558473"], ["name", "atomic_create"], ["updated_at", "2015-03-22 03:50:07.558473"]]
=> #<Product:0x000000083b1340> {
            :id => 1,
          :name => "atomic_create",
    :created_at => Sun, 22 Mar 2015 03:50:07 UTC +00:00,
    :updated_at => Sun, 22 Mar 2015 03:50:07 UTC +00:00
}
~/rails/r41example (development) > Product.create!(name: 'create with commit')
  (0.1ms)  begin transaction
  SQL (0.1ms)  INSERT INTO "products" ("created_at", "name", "updated_at") VALUES (?, ?, ?)  [["created_at", "2015-03-22 03:50:20.790566"], ["name", "create with commit"], ["updated_at", "2015-03-22 03:50:20.790566"]]
  (109.3ms)  commit transaction
=> #<Product:0x000000082f3138> {
            :id => 2,
          :name => "create with commit",
    :created_at => Sun, 22 Mar 2015 03:50:20 UTC +00:00,
    :updated_at => Sun, 22 Mar 2015 03:50:20 UTC +00:00
}
~/rails/r41example (development) > Product.create!(:atomic, name: 'create! atomic')
  SQL (137.3ms)  INSERT INTO "products" ("created_at", "name", "updated_at") VALUES (?, ?, ?)  [["created_at", "2015-03-22 03:51:03.001423"], ["name", "create! atomic"], ["updated_at", "2015-03-22 03:51:03.001423"]]
=> #<Product:0x000000082a0bb8> {
            :id => 3,
          :name => "create! atomic",
    :created_at => Sun, 22 Mar 2015 03:51:03 UTC +00:00,
    :updated_at => Sun, 22 Mar 2015 03:51:03 UTC +00:00
}

警告：你将失去after_rollback和after_commit回调！

注意：4.1上的方法创建！并保存！在模块验证中。在Rails 4.2上有Persistence。

编辑：也许你认为你可以赚取交易所用的时间。在我的例子中，提交时间转到插入（我有一个标准的HD，我认为你有一个SSD）。